At Castor Vali, our Security Information Services (SIS) help organisations operating in African markets navigate shifting political, economic, and security conditions with confidence. Our country-specific reporting packages offer detailed and timely insights, ranging from daily briefs and alerts to deep dive analysis and monthly summaries.
Below is a snapshot from our Nigeria Quarterly Report for Q1 2025. The report provides a high-level overview of key threats and trends shaping the Nigerian security environment.
Nigeria Q1 2025: Executive Summary
- Farmer-Herder Crisis: Farmer-herder violence rose 64 per cent in Q1 2025 year-on-year, with incidents expanding beyond the Middle Belt into Ondo, Edo, Delta, Imo, Bayelsa, and Benue, despite a quarterly decline.
- Terrorism: Terrorist attacks dropped sharply in Q1 2025, but fatalities rose due to ISWAP and Boko Haram. ISWAP’s drone use and Islamic State Sahel Province’s (ISSP) activity in Kebbi highlight growing militant capabilities.
- Banditry: Bandit attacks dropped 17 per cent year-on-year in Q1 2025, but violence surged in parts of Niger, Kaduna, and Sokoto. IED use fell sharply, though hotspots like Shiroro and Kauru remain volatile.
- Separatism: Biafran separatist attacks in the South East surged 125 percent year-on-year in Q1 2025 but declined from Q4 2024. Violence remained concentrated around Onitsha, Owerri, and Enugu, with rising civilian and police casualties.
- Kidnapping: Kidnappings remained stable year-on-year in Q1 2025 but declined 14 percent from Q4 2024. Increases were noted in southern states and key highways, with herder-linked violence fuelling inland abductions.
- Civil Unrest: Civil unrest dropped nearly 50 per cent year-on-year in Q1 2025. However, protests persisted in several states over local grievances, while political tensions deepened in Rivers, Osun, and Kano amid instability.
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